Description
Mediums claim to act as communicators between the natural world and the spiritual world. They convey statements or images which they claim have been provided by spirits and that can have significant personal and often private meanings to their client.
Other titles
The following job titles also refer to medium:
occultist
spiritist, necromancer, channeller
spiritualist
Minimum qualifications
No formal educational credential is generally required to work as a medium.
ISCO skill level
ISCO skill level is defined as a function of the complexity and range of tasks and duties to be performed in an occupation. It is measured on a scale from 1 to 4, with 1 the lowest level and 4 the highest, by considering:
- the nature of the work performed in an occupation in relation to the characteristic tasks and duties
- the level of formal education required for competent performance of the tasks and duties involved and
- the amount of informal on-the-job training and/or previous experience in a related occupation required for competent performance of these tasks and duties.
Medium is a Skill level 2 occupation.
Potential next steps
No potential next step identified on the General track track for this occupation.
Expert track
Closest matches included — may require reskillingJobs that require deeper or more specialised skills in the same domain — for those looking to build expertise. Evolution score combines skill overlap, ISCO proximity, and seniority signals. Skill match is exact overlap with your current occupation's skills. Soft match also credits related and sibling skills.
- Evolution: 63% · Match: 41%Same unit groupSpecialisation signalGood optionMissing essential skills: spiritualism, use consulting techniques, maintain privacy of service users, listen actively, counsel clients, use séance tools, occultismMissing optional skills: perform live, entertain people, perform lectures, apply crisis intervention, perform improvisation, provide spiritual counselling, psychology, coach clients
- Evolution: 56% · Match: 37%Same minor groupSpecialisation signalExploratoryMissing essential skills: spiritualism, prospect new customers, maintain privacy of service users, manage personal professional development, rhetoric, counsel clients, use séance tools, occultismMissing optional skills: perform live, entertain people, apply crisis intervention, perform improvisation, provide spiritual counselling, coach clients
- Evolution: 36% · Match: 64%Same unit groupExploratoryMissing optional skills: apply crisis intervention, perform improvisation, provide spiritual counselling, interview people, psychology, coach clients
- Evolution: 36% · Match: 66%Same unit groupExploratoryMissing optional skills: perform lectures, apply crisis intervention, provide spiritual counselling, psychology, coach clients
No potential next step identified on the Manager track track for this occupation.
Essential knowledge and skills
Essential knowledge
This knowledge should be acquired through learning to fulfill the role of medium.
- Spiritualism: The belief or doctrine that the world is made up of two fundamental substances, matter and spirit, and that it is possible for the living to communicate with the spirits of the dead.
- Rhetoric: The art of discourse that aims at improving the ability of writers and speakers to inform, persuade or motivate their audience.
- Occultism: The study of occult arts or practices, the belief in supernatural powers. These practices include alchemy, spiritualism, religion, magic and divination.
Essential skills and competences
These skills are necessary for the role of medium.
- Use consulting techniques: Advise clients in different personal or professional matters.
- Prospect new customers: Initiate activities in order to attract new and interesting customers. Ask for recommendations and references, find places where potential customers can be located.
- Maintain privacy of service users: Respect and maintain the dignity and privacy of the client, protecting his or her confidential information and clearly explaining policies about confidentiality to the client and other parties involved.
- Maintain customer service: Keep the highest possible customer service and make sure that the customer service is at all times performed in a professional way. Help customers or participants feel at ease and support special requirements.
- Promote yourself: Market one’s own strengths in terms of skills and knowledge.
- Listen actively: Give attention to what other people say, patiently understand points being made, asking questions as appropriate, and not interrupting at inappropriate times; able to listen carefully the needs of customers, clients, passengers, service users or others, and provide solutions accordingly.
- Counsel clients: Assist and guide clients to overcome their personal, social, or psychological issues.
- Use séance tools: Utilise tools to communicate with spirits of the dead, such as Ouija boards, spirit tables or cabinets.
- Develop professional network: Reach out to and meet up with people in a professional context. Find common ground and use your contacts for mutual benefit. Keep track of the people in your personal professional network and stay up to date on their activities.
Optional knowledge and skills
Optional knowledge
This knowledge is sometimes, but not always, required for the role of medium. However, mastering this knowledge allows you to have more opportunities for career development.
- Psychology: The human behaviour and performance with individual differences in ability, personality, interests, learning, and motivation.
Optional skills and competences
These skills and competences are sometimes, but not always, required for the role of medium. However, mastering these skills and competences allows you to have more opportunities for career development.
- Perform live: Perform in front of live audiences.
- Entertain people: Provide people with amusement by doing or offering a performance, like a show, a play or an artistic performance.
- Perform lectures: Present lectures to various groups.
- Manage a small-to-medium business: Manage the organisational, financial and day-to-day operation of a small-to-medium enterprise.
- Apply crisis intervention: Respond methodologically to a disruption or breakdown in the normal or usual function of a person, family, group or community.
- Use different communication channels: Make use of various types of communication channels such as verbal, handwritten, digital and telephonic communication with the purpose of constructing and sharing ideas or information.
- Perform improvisation: Perform dialogues or actions spontaneously or without preparation.
- Provide spiritual counselling: Assist individuals and groups seeking guidance in their religious convictions, or support in their spiritual experience, so that they are affirmed and confident in their faith.
- Interview people: Interview people in a range of different circumstances.
- Administer appointments: Accept, schedule and cancel appointments.
- Keep personal administration: File and organise personal administration documents comprehensively.
- Coach clients: Actively help clients to improve their strengths and confidence. Propose courses and workshops or coach them yourself.
Skills group distribution
ISCO group and title
5161 – Astrologers, fortune-tellers and related workers
References
- Medium – ESCO

